Iron is one of the most common well water problems in South Carolina. While not a health hazard at typical concentrations, iron creates frustrating stains, metallic taste, and can damage appliances. The key to effective treatment is understanding which type of iron you're dealing with.
Understanding Iron Levels
The EPA secondary standard for iron is 0.3 mg/L (ppm), set based on aesthetic concerns rather than health effects. Even at this low level, iron can cause noticeable staining. Many South Carolina wells have iron levels of 1-10 ppm, and some exceed 20 ppm.
Iron Level Guidelines
Types of Iron in Well Water
Not all iron is the same, and the type determines which treatment method will work best:
Ferrous Iron (Clear Water Iron)
Dissolved in water, invisible until exposed to air. Water appears clear from the tap but turns orange/red when left standing.
Ferric Iron (Red Water Iron)
Already oxidized, appears as orange-red particles or cloudiness in water directly from the tap.
Iron Bacteria
Bacteria that feed on iron, creating reddish-brown slime in toilet tanks and pipes. May have oily sheen.
Organic Iron
Iron bound to organic matter (tannins), often from decaying vegetation. Water may appear yellow or tea-colored.
Treatment Methods Compared
Oxidation Filtration (Best for Most Applications)
Oxidation filters work by converting dissolved ferrous iron into solid ferric iron particles that can be filtered out. This is the most effective method for moderate to high iron levels.
Water Softeners (Low Iron Only)
Water softeners can remove small amounts of ferrous iron (typically under 2-3 ppm) as part of the ion exchange process. However, they're not designed as primary iron treatment.
Chemical Feed Systems
For very high iron levels or problematic water chemistry, chemical feed systems (chlorine or hydrogen peroxide injection) provide powerful oxidation.
The Hydrotech BIF Series Solution
For most South Carolina homes with iron problems, we recommend the Hydrotech BIF Series iron filter. This chemical-free two-tank system uses natural oxidation to remove iron, manganese, and hydrogen sulfide.
Why Two Tanks?
The BIF Series uses a two-tank design that uses 50% less water than single-tank filters during backwash, saving hundreds of gallons each month while providing superior iron removal.
Preventing Iron Problems
While you can't change the iron content of your well water, you can prevent the worst effects:
Act quickly - Iron stains become permanent if not cleaned promptly
Avoid bleach - Chlorine sets iron stains; use oxalic acid-based cleaners instead
Regular testing - Iron levels can change over time; test annually
Getting the Right Solution
Effective iron treatment starts with proper water testing. We need to know not just the iron level, but the type of iron, pH, and presence of other contaminants like manganese and hydrogen sulfide.
At Solomon Home Water Solutions, our free water test provides a complete analysis, allowing us to recommend the most effective and economical treatment for your specific water quality.